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{{BannerHeader
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|Header=Editing the wiki
|Header=Editing the wiki
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<!--T:1-->
You can format your text by using wiki markup. This consists of normal [[characters]] like asterisks, apostrophes or equal signs which have a special function in the wiki, sometimes depending on their position. For example, to format a word in ''italic'', you include it in two pairs of apostrophes like <code><nowiki>''this''</nowiki></code>.


== Text formatting markup == <!--T:2-->
You can format your text by using wiki markup. This consists of normal [[characters]] like asterisks, apostrophes or equal signs which have a special function in the wiki, sometimes depending on their position. For example, to format a word in ''italic'', you include it in two pairs of apostrophes like <code><nowiki>''this''</nowiki></code>.
 
== Links ==
 
{| border="1" class="wikitable" width="100%"
! Description
! You type
! You get
 
|-
| Internal link
|<pre>
[[Main Page]]
 
[[Help:Contents]]
 
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)]]
</pre>
|
[[Main Page]]
 
[[Help:Contents]]
 
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)]]
 
|-
| Piped link
|<pre>
[[Help:Editing pages|editing help]]
 
[[Help:Editing pages#Preview|previewing]]</pre>
|
[[Help:Editing pages|editing help]]
 
[[Help:Editing pages#Preview|previewing]]
 
|-
|[[w:Help:Pipe_trick|Pipe trick]]
|<pre>
[[Manual:Extensions|]]
 
[[User:John Doe|]]
 
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)|]]
 
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (third-party)|]]
</pre>
The pipe trick involves less typing for editors, but is potentially confusing to readers, as seen in these DynamicPageList examples.
|
[[Manual:Extensions|Extensions]]
 
[[User:John Doe|John Doe]]
 
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)|DynamicPageList]]
 
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (third-party)|DynamicPageList]]
 
|-
|<span id="linktrail"></span> Word-ending links
|<pre>
[[Help]]s
 
[[Help]]ing
 
[[Help]]ers
 
[[Help]]almostanylettersyoulikehere
 
[[Help]]BUTnotalways
</pre>
Follows so-called "linktrail rules" {{ll|Localisation|localised}} per {{ll|MessagesXx.php|each language}}.
|
[[Help]]s
 
[[Help]]ing
 
[[Help]]ers
 
[[Help]]almostanylettersyoulikehere
 
[[Help]]BUTnotalways
 
|-
| Avoiding word-ending links
|<pre>
[[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice
 
[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3
</pre>
|
[[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice
 
[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3
 
|-
| Redirect
|<pre>#REDIRECT [[Main Page]]</pre>
Should be the first ''and only'' line on the page.
| [[File:Redirect arrow without text (cropped).svg]]&nbsp;[[Main Page]]
 
|-
| Link to an anchor on the same page
|<pre>[[#See also]]</pre>
Anchors are provided automatically on section headings and to the top of the page.
|[[#See also]]
 
|-
| Piped link to an anchor on the same page
|<pre>[[#See also|different text]]</pre>
|[[#See also|different text]]
 
|-
| Setting an anchor for incoming links
|<pre>
<div id="Unique anchor name 1">optional text</div>
 
<span id="Unique anchor name 2">optional text</span>
</pre>
Rendered [[w:HTML element#Document body elements|block-level and inline]], respectively.
Doing this would allow for <code><nowiki>[[#Unique anchor name 1]]</nowiki></code> on the same page or <code><nowiki>[[</nowiki>{{FULLPAGENAME}}#Unique anchor name 1]]</code> on a different page.
Omit the "optional text" for an invisible anchor.
|
<div id="Unique anchor name 1">optional text</div>
 
<span id="Unique anchor name 2">optional text</span>
 
|-
| Setting an anchor in a section heading
|<pre>==<span id="Alternate Section Title"></span>Section heading==</pre>
Note the placement.
This must be a "span" tag, not a "div".
(Such anchors allow sections to be retitled without breaking incoming links.)
|<div style="color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;"><span id="Alternate Section Title"></span>Section heading</div>
 
|-
| Link to an anchor at another page
|<pre>[[Help:Images#Supported media types for images]]</pre>
|[[Help:Images#Supported media types for images]]
 
|-
| Link to the current page's talk page
|<pre>[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]</pre>
|[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]
 
|-
| Link to a subpage
|<pre>[[/example]]</pre>
Shortcut for <code><nowiki>[[Help:Links/example|/example]]</nowiki></code>.
|[[Help:Links/example|/example]]
 
|-
| Link to a subpage without the leading slash
|<pre>[[/example/]]</pre>
Shortcut for <code><nowiki>[[Help:Links/example|example]]</nowiki></code>.
|[[Help:Links/example|example]]
 
|-
| Visible link to a category page
|<pre>[[:Category:Help]]</pre>
Without the leading colon the link would not be visible and the page would instead be placed into the category; this is a very common mistake.
|[[:Category:Help]]
 
|-
| Visible link to an image or media file
|<pre>
[[:File:example.jpg]]
 
[[:File:example.jpg|this example]]
 
[[media:example.jpg]]
</pre>
 
Without the leading colon on the "File:" examples, the images would actually be displayed.
See also [[Help:Images]].
Note that using the "media:" prefix links directly to the uploaded file.
|
[[:File:example.jpg]]
 
[[:File:example.jpg|this example]]
 
[[media:example.jpg]]
 
|-
| Link to a page specific to each reader (user page, etc.)
|<pre>
[[Special:MyPage]]
 
[[Special:MyTalk]]
 
[[Special:Preferences]]
</pre>
|
[[Special:MyPage]]
 
[[Special:MyTalk]]
 
[[Special:Preferences]]
 
|-
|Internal link to a specific revision
|<pre>[[Special:PermanentLink/2393992]]</pre>
Revision numbers can be found in each page's {{ll|Help:History|edit history}}.
(It is very common to see links to specific revisions implemented as external links because it's easy to cut-and-paste an entire URL to form an external link.)
|[[Special:PermanentLink/2393992]]
|-
|Internal link to a "diff"
|<pre>
[[Special:Diff/2393992]]
 
[[Special:Diff/2390639/2393992]]
</pre>
The default (in the first example above) is to show the changes from the previous revision.
See also the comments in the previous item.
|
[[Special:Diff/2393992]]
 
[[Special:Diff/2390639/2393992]]
|}
 
== Text formatting markup ==


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! <!--T:3--> Description
! Description
! width=40% | <!--T:4--> You type
! width=40% | You type
! width=40% | <!--T:5--> You get
! width=40% | You get
|-
|-
! colspan="3" style="background: #ABE" | <!--T:6--> Character (inline) formatting – ''applies anywhere''
! colspan="3" style="background: #ABE" | Character (inline) formatting – ''applies anywhere''
|-
|-
| <!--T:7--> Italic text
| Italic text
| <pre>
| <pre>
''<!--T:8--> italic''
'' italic''
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
''<!--T:9--> italic''
'' italic''
|-
|-
| <!--T:10--> Bold text
| Bold text
| <pre>
| <pre>
'''<!--T:11--> bold'''
''' bold'''
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
'''<!--T:12--> bold'''
''' bold'''
|-
|-
| <!--T:13--> Bold and italic
| Bold and italic
| <pre>
| <pre>
'''''<!--T:14--> bold & italic'''''
''''' bold & italic'''''
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
'''''<!--T:15--> bold & italic'''''
''''' bold & italic'''''
|-
|-
| <!--T:19--> Escape wiki markup
| Escape wiki markup
| <pre>
| <pre>
&lt;nowiki&gt;<!--T:20--> no ''markup''&lt;/nowiki&gt;
&lt;nowiki&gt; no ''markup''&lt;/nowiki&gt;
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<!--T:155--> <nowiki>no ''markup''</nowiki>
<nowiki>no ''markup''</nowiki>
|-
|-
! colspan="3" style="background: #ABE" | <!--T:24--> Section formatting – ''only at the beginning of the line''
! colspan="3" style="background: #ABE" | Section formatting – ''only at the beginning of the line''
|-
|-
| <!--T:25--> Section Headings of different levels  
| Section Headings of different levels  
| <pre>
| <pre>


== Level 2 == <!--T:26-->
== Level 2 ==  


=== Level 3 === <!--T:27-->
=== Level 3 ===  


==== Level 4 ==== <!--T:28-->
==== Level 4 ====  


===== Level 5 ===== <!--T:29-->
===== Level 5 =====  


====== Level 6 ====== <!--T:30-->
====== Level 6 ======  


</pre>
</pre>
----
----
{{note|
* <!--T:31--> [[<tvar|lv1>Special:MyLanguage/Help_talk:Formatting#Level_1</>|Skip Level 1]], it is page name level.
* Do not put any text on the same line after the ending equal signs.
* <!--T:33--> An article with 4 or more headings automatically creates a [[wikipedia:Wikipedia:Section#Table of contents (TOC)|table of contents]].
}}
|
|
<!-- using HTML markup to avoid creating new sections -->
<!-- using HTML markup to avoid creating new sections -->


<!--T:35-->
 
<h2>Level 2</h2>
<h2>Level 2</h2>


<!--T:36-->
 
<h3>Level 3</h3>
<h3>Level 3</h3>


<!--T:37-->
 
<h4>Level 4</h4>
<h4>Level 4</h4>


<!--T:38-->
 
<h5>Level 5</h5>
<h5>Level 5</h5>


<!--T:39-->
 
<h6>Level 6</h6>
<h6>Level 6</h6>


|-
|-
| <!--T:40--> Horizontal rule
| Horizontal rule
| <pre>
| <pre>
<!--T:41--> Text before
Text before
----
----
<!--T:42--> Text after
Text after
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<!--T:43--> Text before
Text before
----
----
<!--T:44--> Text after
Text after
|-
|-
| <!--T:45--> Bullet list
| Bullet list
|
|
<pre>
<pre>


<!--T:46-->
 
* Start each line
* Start each line
* with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*).
* with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*).
Line 108: Line 320:
Any other start ends the list.
Any other start ends the list.


<!--T:160-->
 
* combine bullet list
* combine bullet list
** with definition  
** with definition  
Line 114: Line 326:
** creates empty space
** creates empty space


<!--T:161-->
 
* combine bullet list
* combine bullet list
** with definition  
** with definition  
Line 120: Line 332:
** without empty spaces
** without empty spaces


<!--T:162-->
 
*bullet list
*bullet list
:- definition
:- definition
Line 129: Line 341:
|
|


<!--T:47-->
 
* Start each line
* Start each line
* with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*).
* with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*).
Line 138: Line 350:
Any other start ends the list.
Any other start ends the list.


<!--T:163-->
 
* combine bullet list
* combine bullet list
** with definition  
** with definition  
Line 144: Line 356:
** creates empty space
** creates empty space


<!--T:164-->
 
* combine bullet list
* combine bullet list
** with definition  
** with definition  
Line 150: Line 362:
** without empty spaces
** without empty spaces


<!--T:165-->
 
*bullet list
*bullet list
:- definition
:- definition
Line 157: Line 369:


|-
|-
| <!--T:48--> Numbered list
| Numbered list
|
|
<pre>
<pre>


<!--T:49-->
 
# Start each line
# Start each line
# with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#).
# with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#).
Line 171: Line 383:
# Blank lines
# Blank lines


<!--T:50-->
 
# end the list and start another.
# end the list and start another.
Any other start also
Any other start also
Line 179: Line 391:
|
|


<!--T:51-->
 
# Start each line
# Start each line
# with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#).
# with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#).
Line 189: Line 401:
# Blank lines
# Blank lines


<!--T:52-->
 
# end the list and start another.
# end the list and start another.
Any other start also
Any other start also
Line 195: Line 407:


|-
|-
| <!--T:53--> Definition list
| Definition list
| <pre>
| <pre>


<!--T:54-->
 
;item 1
;item 1
: definition 1
: definition 1
Line 208: Line 420:
|
|


<!--T:55-->
 
;item 1
;item 1
: definition 1
: definition 1
Line 216: Line 428:


|-
|-
| <!--T:56--> Indent text
| Indent text
| <pre>
| <pre>


<!--T:57-->
 
: Single indent
: Single indent
:: Double indent
:: Double indent
Line 226: Line 438:
</pre>
</pre>
----
----
{{Note|<!--T:58--> This workaround may harm accessibility.}}
{{Note| This workaround may harm accessibility.}}
|
|


<!--T:59-->
 
: Single indent
: Single indent
:: Double indent
:: Double indent
Line 235: Line 447:


|-
|-
| <!--T:60--> Mixture of different types of list
| Mixture of different types of list
|
|
<pre>
<pre>


<!--T:61-->
 
# one
# one
# two
# two
Line 259: Line 471:
</pre>
</pre>
----
----
{{note|<!--T:62--> The usage of <code>#:</code> and <code>*:</code> for breaking a line within an item may also harm accessibility.}}
{{note| The usage of <code>#:</code> and <code>*:</code> for breaking a line within an item may also harm accessibility.}}
|
|


<!--T:63-->
 
# one
# one
# two
# two
Line 281: Line 493:


|-
|-
| <!--T:64--> Preformatted text
| Preformatted text
| <pre>
| <pre>


  <!--T:65-->
   
Start each line with a space.
Start each line with a space.
  Text is '''preformatted''' and
  Text is '''preformatted''' and
Line 291: Line 503:
</pre>
</pre>
----
----
{{note|<!--T:66--> This way of preformatting only applies to section formatting. Character formatting markups are still effective.}}
{{note| This way of preformatting only applies to section formatting. Character formatting markups are still effective.}}
|
|


  <!--T:67-->
   
Start each line with a space.
Start each line with a space.
  Text is '''preformatted''' and
  Text is '''preformatted''' and
Line 300: Line 512:


|-
|-
| <!--T:68--> Preformatted text blocks
| Preformatted text blocks
| <pre> <!--T:69-->
| <pre>  
<nowiki><nowiki>Start with a space in the first column,
<nowiki><nowiki>Start with a space in the first column,
(before the <nowiki>).
(before the <nowiki>).


<!--T:70-->
 
Then your block format will be
Then your block format will be
     maintained.
     maintained.
Line 311: Line 523:
This is good for copying in code blocks:
This is good for copying in code blocks:


<!--T:71-->
 
def function():
def function():
     """documentation string"""
     """documentation string"""


     <!--T:72-->
      
if True:
if True:
         print True
         print True
Line 322: Line 534:
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
  <!--T:73-->
   
<nowiki>Start with a space in the first column,
<nowiki>Start with a space in the first column,
(before the <nowiki>).
(before the <nowiki>).


<!--T:74-->
 
Then your block format will be
Then your block format will be
     maintained.
     maintained.


<!--T:75-->
 
This is good for copying in code blocks:
This is good for copying in code blocks:


<!--T:76-->
 
def function():
def function():
     """documentation string"""
     """documentation string"""


     <!--T:77-->
      
if True:
if True:
         print True
         print True
Line 344: Line 556:
|}
|}


== Paragraphs ==


== Paragraphs == <!--T:78-->


<!--T:79-->
MediaWiki ignores single line breaks. To start a new paragraph, leave an empty line. You can force a line break within a paragraph with the HTML tag <code>&lt;br /></code>.
MediaWiki ignores single line breaks. To start a new paragraph, leave an empty line. You can force a line break within a paragraph with the HTML tag <code>&lt;br /></code>.


== HTML tags == <!--T:80-->
== HTML tags ==  
 


<!--T:81-->
Some [[wikipedia:HTML|HTML]] tags are allowed in MediaWiki, for example <code>&lt;code></code>, <code>&lt;div></code>, <code><nowiki><span></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><font></nowiki></code>. These apply anywhere you insert them.
Some [[wikipedia:HTML|HTML]] tags are allowed in MediaWiki, for example <code>&lt;code></code>, <code>&lt;div></code>, <code><nowiki><span></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><font></nowiki></code>. These apply anywhere you insert them.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! <!--T:82--> Description
! Description
! width=40% | <!--T:83--> You type
! width=40% | You type
! width=40% | <!--T:84--> You get
! width=40% | You get
|-
|-
| <!--T:85--> Inserted <br />(Displays as underline in most browsers)
| Inserted <br />(Displays as underline in most browsers)
| <pre>
| <pre>
<ins><!--T:86--> Inserted</ins>
<ins> Inserted</ins>


<!--T:87--> or
or


<u><!--T:88--> Underline</u>
<u> Underline</u>
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<ins><!--T:89--> Inserted</ins>
<ins> Inserted</ins>


<!--T:90--> or
or


<u><!--T:91--> Underline</u>
<u> Underline</u>
|-
|-
| <!--T:92--> Deleted <br />(Displays as strikethrough in most browsers)
| Deleted <br />(Displays as strikethrough in most browsers)
| <pre>
| <pre>
<s><!--T:93--> Struck out</s>
<s> Struck out</s>


<!--T:94--> or
or


<del><!--T:95--> Deleted</del>
<del> Deleted</del>


</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<s><!--T:96--> Struck out</s>
<s> Struck out</s>


<!--T:97--> or
or


<del><!--T:98--> Deleted</del>
<del> Deleted</del>
|-
|-
| <!--T:99--> Fixed width text
| Fixed width text
| <pre>
| <pre>
<code><!--T:100--> Source code</code>
<code> Source code</code>


<!--T:101--> or
or


<code><!--T:157--> Fixed width text</code>
<code> Fixed width text</code>
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<code><!--T:154--> Source code</code>
<code> Source code</code>


<!--T:102--> or
or


<code><!--T:103--> Fixed width text</code>
<code> Fixed width text</code>
|-
|-
| <!--T:104--> Blockquotes
| Blockquotes
| <pre>
| <pre>
<!--T:105--> Text before
Text before
<blockquote><!--T:106--> Blockquote</blockquote>
<blockquote> Blockquote</blockquote>
<!--T:107--> Text after
Text after
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<!--T:108--> Text before
Text before
<blockquote><!--T:109--> Blockquote</blockquote>
<blockquote> Blockquote</blockquote>
<!--T:110--> Text after
Text after
|-
|-
| <!--T:111--> Comment
| Comment
| <pre>
| <pre>
<!--T:112-->
 
<!-- This is a comment -->
<!-- This is a comment -->
Comments are visible only  
Comments are visible only  
Line 426: Line 637:
|
|


<!--T:113-->
 
<!-- This is a comment -->
<!-- This is a comment -->
Comments are visible only  
Comments are visible only  
Line 432: Line 643:


|-
|-
| <!--T:114--> Completely preformatted text
| Completely preformatted text
| <pre>
| <pre>
<pre>
<pre>
<!--T:115-->
 
Text is '''preformatted''' and  
Text is '''preformatted''' and  
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done&lt;/pre>
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done&lt;/pre>
</pre>
</pre>
----
----
{{note|<!--T:116--> For marking up of preformatted text, check the "Preformatted text" entry at the end of the previous table.}}  
{{note| For marking up of preformatted text, check the "Preformatted text" entry at the end of the previous table.}}  
|
|
<pre>
<pre>
<!--T:117-->
 
Text is '''preformatted''' and  
Text is '''preformatted''' and  
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done
</pre>
</pre>
|-
|-
| <!--T:118--> '''Customized''' preformatted text
| '''Customized''' preformatted text
| <pre>
| <pre>
<pre style="color: red">
<pre style="color: red">
<!--T:119-->
 
Text is '''preformatted'''  
Text is '''preformatted'''  
with a style and  
with a style and  
Line 458: Line 669:
</pre>
</pre>
----
----
{{note|<!--T:120--> A CSS style can be named within the <code>style</code> attribute.}}
{{note| A CSS style can be named within the <code>style</code> attribute.}}
|
|
<pre style="color: red">
<pre style="color: red">
<!--T:121-->
 
Text is '''preformatted'''  
Text is '''preformatted'''  
with a style and  
with a style and  
Line 468: Line 679:
|}
|}


<!--T:122-->
 
continued:
continued:
{| class="wikitable" | style="table-layout: fixed; width: 100%"
{| class="wikitable" | style="table-layout: fixed; width: 100%"
! <!--T:123--> Description
! Description
! width=40% | <!--T:124--> You type
! width=40% | You type
! width=40% | <!--T:125--> You get
! width=40% | You get
|-
|-
| <!--T:159--> '''Default''' preformatted text has a CSS attribute (<code>white-space: pre-wrap;</code>) to wrap the text according to available width
| '''Default''' preformatted text has a CSS attribute (<code>white-space: pre-wrap;</code>) to wrap the text according to available width
| <pre>
| <pre>
<pre>
<pre>
<!--T:127--> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
&lt;/pre>
&lt;/pre>
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<pre>
<pre>
<!--T:128--> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
</pre>
</pre>
|-
|-
| <!--T:126--> '''Customized''' preformatted text with '''disabled''' text wrapping
| '''Customized''' preformatted text with '''disabled''' text wrapping
| <pre>
| <pre>
<pre style="white-space: pre;">
<pre style="white-space: pre;">
<!--T:130--> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
&lt;/pre>
&lt;/pre>
</pre>
</pre>
|
|
<pre style="white-space: pre;">
<pre style="white-space: pre;">
<!--T:131--> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
</pre>
</pre>
|}
|}




== Inserting symbols == <!--T:132-->
== Inserting symbols ==  
 


<!--T:133-->
Symbols and other special [[characters]] not available on your keyboard can be inserted in a multitude of ways. Many [http://www.howtogeek.com/210824/how-to-quickly-type-special-characters-on-any-computer-smartphone-or-tablet/ Operating Systems and browsers] allow you to insert special [[characters]] through a menu option or Operating System panel. Additionally, you can use the WikiEditor or [[VisualEditor/Special characters|VisualEditor]] to insert them into the edit screen.
Symbols and other special [[characters]] not available on your keyboard can be inserted in a multitude of ways. Many [http://www.howtogeek.com/210824/how-to-quickly-type-special-characters-on-any-computer-smartphone-or-tablet/ Operating Systems and browsers] allow you to insert special [[characters]] through a menu option or Operating System panel. Additionally, you can use the WikiEditor or [[VisualEditor/Special characters|VisualEditor]] to insert them into the edit screen.


<!--T:166-->
 
As a last resort, you can use a special sequence of [[characters]]. Those sequences are called HTML entities. For example, the following sequence (entity) '''&amp;rarr;''' when inserted will be shown as <ins>right arrow</ins> HTML symbol &rarr; and '''&amp;mdash;''' when inserted will be shown as an <ins>em dash</ins> HTML symbol &mdash;.  
As a last resort, you can use a special sequence of [[characters]]. Those sequences are called HTML entities. For example, the following sequence (entity) '''&amp;rarr;''' when inserted will be shown as <ins>right arrow</ins> HTML symbol &rarr; and '''&amp;mdash;''' when inserted will be shown as an <ins>em dash</ins> HTML symbol &mdash;.  
----
----
{{note|<!--T:134--> Hover over any character to find out the symbol that it produces.  Some symbols not available in the current font will appear as empty squares.}}  
{{note| Hover over any character to find out the symbol that it produces.  Some symbols not available in the current font will appear as empty squares.}}  


{| class="wikitable" align=center width=100%
{| class="wikitable" align=center width=100%
Line 774: Line 985:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! <!--T:135--> Description
! Description
! width=40% | <!--T:136--> You type
! width=40% | You type
! width=40% | <!--T:137--> You get
! width=40% | You get
|-
|-
| <!--T:138--> Copyright symbol
| Copyright symbol
|class=mw-code| &amp;copy;
|class=mw-code| &amp;copy;
|
|
:::'''&copy;'''
:::'''&copy;'''
|-
|-
| <!--T:139--> Greek delta letter symbol
| Greek delta letter symbol
|class=mw-code|&amp;delta;
|class=mw-code|&amp;delta;
|
|
:::'''&delta;'''
:::'''&delta;'''
|-
|-
| <!--T:140--> Euro currency symbol
| Euro currency symbol
|class=mw-code|&amp;euro;
|class=mw-code|&amp;euro;
|
|
Line 794: Line 1,005:
|}
|}


<!--T:141-->
 
See the list of all HTML entities on the Wikipedia article [[wikipedia:List of HTML entities|List of HTML entities]]. Additionally, MediaWiki supports two non-standard entity reference sequences: <code>&amp;רלמ;</code> and <code>&amp;رلم;</code> which are both considered equivalent to <code>&amp;rlm;</code> which is a [[wikipedia:Right-to-left mark|right-to-left mark]]. (Used when combining right to left languages with left to right languages in the same page.)
See the list of all HTML entities on the Wikipedia article [[wikipedia:List of HTML entities|List of HTML entities]]. Additionally, MediaWiki supports two non-standard entity reference sequences: <code>&amp;רלמ;</code> and <code>&amp;رلم;</code> which are both considered equivalent to <code>&amp;rlm;</code> which is a [[wikipedia:Right-to-left mark|right-to-left mark]]. (Used when combining right to left languages with left to right languages in the same page.)


== HTML tags and symbol entities displayed themselves (with and without interpreting them) == <!--T:142-->
== HTML tags and symbol entities displayed themselves (with and without interpreting them) ==  


:<code>&amp;amp;euro;</code> &nbsp;&rarr; '''&amp;euro;'''
:<code>&amp;amp;euro;</code> &nbsp;&rarr; '''&amp;euro;'''


:<code>&lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"><!--T:143--> Typo to be corrected&lt;/span></code> &nbsp;&rarr; '''<span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"><!--T:144--> Typo to be corrected</span>'''
:<code>&lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"> Typo to be corrected&lt;/span></code> &nbsp;&rarr; '''<span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"> Typo to be corrected</span>'''


:<code><!--T:156--> <nowiki>&amp;lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;">Typo to be corrected</span></nowiki></code> &nbsp;&rarr; '''&lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"><!--T:145--> Typo to be corrected&lt;/span>'''
:<code> <nowiki>&amp;lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;">Typo to be corrected</span></nowiki></code> &nbsp;&rarr; '''&lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"> Typo to be corrected&lt;/span>'''


=== Nowiki for HTML === <!--T:146-->
=== Nowiki for HTML ===  


<<nowiki />nowiki /> <!--T:147--> can prohibit (HTML) tags:
<<nowiki />nowiki /> can prohibit (HTML) tags:
* <nowiki><<</nowiki>nowiki />pre> &nbsp;&rarr; <<nowiki/>pre>
* <nowiki><<</nowiki>nowiki />pre> &nbsp;&rarr; <<nowiki/>pre>
<!--T:148--> But ''not'' &amp; symbol escapes:
But ''not'' &amp; symbol escapes:
* &<<nowiki />nowiki />amp; &nbsp;&rarr; &amp;
* &<<nowiki />nowiki />amp; &nbsp;&rarr; &amp;
<!--T:149-->
 
To print &amp; symbol escapes as text, use "<code>&amp;amp;</code>" to replace the "&" character (eg. type "<code>&amp;amp;nbsp;</code>", which results in "<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>").
To print &amp; symbol escapes as text, use "<code>&amp;amp;</code>" to replace the "&" character (eg. type "<code>&amp;amp;nbsp;</code>", which results in "<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>").

Latest revision as of 08:38, 19 October 2017

Editing the wiki

[[File:{Template:Image|link=]]

You can format your text by using wiki markup. This consists of normal characters like asterisks, apostrophes or equal signs which have a special function in the wiki, sometimes depending on their position. For example, to format a word in italic, you include it in two pairs of apostrophes like ''this''.

Links

Description You type You get
Internal link
[[Main Page]]

[[Help:Contents]]

[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)]]

Main Page

Help:Contents

Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)

Piped link
[[Help:Editing pages|editing help]]

[[Help:Editing pages#Preview|previewing]]

editing help

previewing

Pipe trick
[[Manual:Extensions|]]

[[User:John Doe|]]

[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)|]]

[[Extension:DynamicPageList (third-party)|]]
The pipe trick involves less typing for editors, but is potentially confusing to readers, as seen in these DynamicPageList examples.

Extensions

John Doe

DynamicPageList

DynamicPageList

Word-ending links
[[Help]]s

[[Help]]ing

[[Help]]ers

[[Help]]almostanylettersyoulikehere

[[Help]]BUTnotalways

Follows so-called "linktrail rules" Template:Ll per Template:Ll.

Helps

Helping

Helpers

Helpalmostanylettersyoulikehere

HelpBUTnotalways

Avoiding word-ending links
[[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice

[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3

Helpful advice

GPLv3

Redirect
#REDIRECT [[Main Page]]
Should be the first and only line on the page.
File:Redirect arrow without text (cropped).svg Main Page
Link to an anchor on the same page
[[#See also]]
Anchors are provided automatically on section headings and to the top of the page.
#See also
Piped link to an anchor on the same page
[[#See also|different text]]
different text
Setting an anchor for incoming links
<div id="Unique anchor name 1">optional text</div>

<span id="Unique anchor name 2">optional text</span>

Rendered block-level and inline, respectively. Doing this would allow for [[#Unique anchor name 1]] on the same page or [[Editing the wiki#Unique anchor name 1]] on a different page. Omit the "optional text" for an invisible anchor.

optional text

optional text

Setting an anchor in a section heading
==<span id="Alternate Section Title"></span>Section heading==

Note the placement. This must be a "span" tag, not a "div". (Such anchors allow sections to be retitled without breaking incoming links.)

Section heading
Link to an anchor at another page
[[Help:Images#Supported media types for images]]
Help:Images#Supported media types for images
Link to the current page's talk page
[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]
Discussion
Link to a subpage
[[/example]]
Shortcut for [[Help:Links/example|/example]].
/example
Link to a subpage without the leading slash
[[/example/]]

Shortcut for [[Help:Links/example|example]].

example
Visible link to a category page
[[:Category:Help]]
Without the leading colon the link would not be visible and the page would instead be placed into the category; this is a very common mistake.
Category:Help
Visible link to an image or media file
[[:File:example.jpg]]

[[:File:example.jpg|this example]]

[[media:example.jpg]]

Without the leading colon on the "File:" examples, the images would actually be displayed. See also Help:Images. Note that using the "media:" prefix links directly to the uploaded file.

File:example.jpg

this example

media:example.jpg

Link to a page specific to each reader (user page, etc.)
[[Special:MyPage]]

[[Special:MyTalk]]

[[Special:Preferences]]

Special:MyPage

Special:MyTalk

Special:Preferences

Internal link to a specific revision
[[Special:PermanentLink/2393992]]

Revision numbers can be found in each page's Template:Ll. (It is very common to see links to specific revisions implemented as external links because it's easy to cut-and-paste an entire URL to form an external link.)

Special:PermanentLink/2393992
Internal link to a "diff"
[[Special:Diff/2393992]]

[[Special:Diff/2390639/2393992]]

The default (in the first example above) is to show the changes from the previous revision. See also the comments in the previous item.

Special:Diff/2393992

Special:Diff/2390639/2393992

Text formatting markup

Description You type You get
Character (inline) formatting – applies anywhere
Italic text
'' italic''

italic

Bold text
''' bold'''

bold

Bold and italic
''''' bold & italic'''''

bold & italic

Escape wiki markup
<nowiki> no ''markup''</nowiki>
no ''markup''
Section formatting – only at the beginning of the line
Section Headings of different levels

== Level 2 == 

=== Level 3 === 

==== Level 4 ==== 

===== Level 5 ===== 

====== Level 6 ====== 



Level 2


Level 3


Level 4


Level 5


Level 6
Horizontal rule
 Text before
----
 Text after
Text before

Text after
Bullet list


* Start each line
* with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*).
** More asterisks give deeper
*** and deeper levels.
* Line breaks <br />don't break levels.
*** But jumping levels creates empty space.
Any other start ends the list.


* combine bullet list
** with definition 
::- definition
** creates empty space


* combine bullet list
** with definition 
*:- definition
** without empty spaces


*bullet list
:- definition
:* sublist that doesn't create empty
:* spaces after definition


  • Start each line
  • with an asterisk (*).
    • More asterisks give deeper
      • and deeper levels.
  • Line breaks
    don't break levels.
      • But jumping levels creates empty space.

Any other start ends the list.


  • combine bullet list
    • with definition
- definition
    • creates empty space


  • combine bullet list
    • with definition
    - definition
    • without empty spaces


  • bullet list
- definition
  • sublist that doesn't create empty
  • spaces after definition
Numbered list


# Start each line
# with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#).
## More number signs give deeper
### and deeper
### levels.
# Line breaks <br />don't break levels.
### But jumping levels creates empty space.
# Blank lines


# end the list and start another.
Any other start also
ends the list.


  1. Start each line
  2. with a number sign (#).
    1. More number signs give deeper
      1. and deeper
      2. levels.
  3. Line breaks
    don't break levels.
      1. But jumping levels creates empty space.
  4. Blank lines


  1. end the list and start another.

Any other start also ends the list.

Definition list


;item 1
: definition 1
;item 2
: definition 2-1
: definition 2-2


item 1
definition 1
item 2
definition 2-1
definition 2-2
Indent text


: Single indent
:: Double indent
::::: Multiple indent



This workaround may harm accessibility.



Single indent
Double indent
Multiple indent
Mixture of different types of list


# one
# two
#* two point one
#* two point two
# three
#; three item one
#: three def one
# four
#: four def one
#: this looks like a continuation
#: and is often used
#: instead <br />of <nowiki><br /></nowiki>
# five
## five sub 1
### five sub 1 sub 1
## five sub 2



The usage of #: and *: for breaking a line within an item may also harm accessibility.



  1. one
  2. two
    • two point one
    • two point two
  3. three
    three item one
    three def one
  4. four
    four def one
    this looks like a continuation
    and is often used
    instead
    of <br />
  5. five
    1. five sub 1
      1. five sub 1 sub 1
    2. five sub 2Template:Anchor
Preformatted text

 
Start each line with a space.
 Text is '''preformatted''' and
 ''markups'' '''''can''''' be done.



This way of preformatting only applies to section formatting. Character formatting markups are still effective.



Start each line with a space.

Text is preformatted and
markups can be done.
Preformatted text blocks
 
<nowiki>Start with a space in the first column,
(before the <nowiki>).


Then your block format will be
    maintained.
 
This is good for copying in code blocks:


def function():
    """documentation string"""

    
if True:
        print True
    else:
        print False</nowiki>

Start with a space in the first column, (before the <nowiki>). Then your block format will be maintained. This is good for copying in code blocks: def function(): """documentation string""" if True: print True else: print False

Paragraphs

MediaWiki ignores single line breaks. To start a new paragraph, leave an empty line. You can force a line break within a paragraph with the HTML tag <br />.

HTML tags

Some HTML tags are allowed in MediaWiki, for example <code>, <div>, <span> and <font>. These apply anywhere you insert them.

Description You type You get
Inserted
(Displays as underline in most browsers)
<ins> Inserted</ins>

 or

<u> Underline</u>

Inserted

or

Underline

Deleted
(Displays as strikethrough in most browsers)
<s> Struck out</s>

 or

<del> Deleted</del>

Struck out

or

Deleted

Fixed width text
<code> Source code</code>

 or

<code> Fixed width text</code>

Source code

or

Fixed width text

Blockquotes
 Text before
<blockquote> Blockquote</blockquote>
 Text after
Text before

Blockquote

Text after
Comment

<!-- This is a comment -->
Comments are visible only 
in the edit zone.


Comments are visible only in the edit zone.

Completely preformatted text
<pre>

Text is '''preformatted''' and 
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done</pre>


For marking up of preformatted text, check the "Preformatted text" entry at the end of the previous table.



Text is '''preformatted''' and 
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done
Customized preformatted text
<pre style="color: red">

Text is '''preformatted''' 
with a style and 
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done
</pre>


A CSS style can be named within the style attribute.



Text is '''preformatted''' 
with a style and 
''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done


continued:

Description You type You get
Default preformatted text has a CSS attribute (white-space: pre-wrap;) to wrap the text according to available width
<pre>
 This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
</pre>
 This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
Customized preformatted text with disabled text wrapping
<pre style="white-space: pre;">
 This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.
</pre>
 This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer.


Inserting symbols

Symbols and other special characters not available on your keyboard can be inserted in a multitude of ways. Many Operating Systems and browsers allow you to insert special characters through a menu option or Operating System panel. Additionally, you can use the WikiEditor or VisualEditor to insert them into the edit screen.


As a last resort, you can use a special sequence of characters. Those sequences are called HTML entities. For example, the following sequence (entity) &rarr; when inserted will be shown as right arrow HTML symbol → and &mdash; when inserted will be shown as an em dash HTML symbol —.



Hover over any character to find out the symbol that it produces. Some symbols not available in the current font will appear as empty squares.


HTML symbol entities
Á á Â â ´ Æ æ À à Α α & Å å Ã ã Ä ä Β β ¦ Ç ç ¸ ¢
Χ χ ˆ © ¤ ° Δ δ ÷ É é Ê ê È è Ε ε Η η
Ð ð Ë ë ƒ ½ ¼ ¾ Γ γ > Í í Î î ¡ Ì ì Ι ι
¿ Ï ï Κ κ Λ λ « < ¯ µ · Μ μ  
¬ Ñ ñ Ν ν Ó ó Ô ô Œ œ Ò ò Ω ω Ο ο ª º Ø ø Õ õ Ö
ö Φ φ Π π ϖ ± £ Ψ ψ " » ® Ρ ρ
Š š § ­ Σ σ ς ¹ ² ³ ß Τ τ Θ θ ϑ Þ þ ˜
× Ú ú Û û Ù ù ¨ ϒ Υ υ Ü ü Ξ ξ Ý ý ¥ ÿ Ÿ Ζ ζ
Description You type You get
Copyright symbol &copy;
©
Greek delta letter symbol &delta;
δ
Euro currency symbol &euro;


See the list of all HTML entities on the Wikipedia article List of HTML entities. Additionally, MediaWiki supports two non-standard entity reference sequences: &רלמ; and &رلم; which are both considered equivalent to &rlm; which is a right-to-left mark. (Used when combining right to left languages with left to right languages in the same page.)

HTML tags and symbol entities displayed themselves (with and without interpreting them)

&amp;euro;  → &euro;
<span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"> Typo to be corrected</span>  → Typo to be corrected
&lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;">Typo to be corrected</span>  → <span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;"> Typo to be corrected</span>

Nowiki for HTML

<nowiki /> can prohibit (HTML) tags:

  • <<nowiki />pre>  → <pre>
But not & symbol escapes:
  • &<nowiki />amp;  → &

To print & symbol escapes as text, use "&amp;" to replace the "&" character (eg. type "&amp;nbsp;", which results in "&nbsp;").