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You can format your text by using wiki markup. This consists of normal [[characters]] like asterisks, apostrophes or equal signs which have a special function in the wiki, sometimes depending on their position. For example, to format a word in ''italic'', you include it in two pairs of apostrophes like <code><nowiki>''this''</nowiki></code>. == Links == {| border="1" class="wikitable" width="100%" ! Description ! You type ! You get |- | Internal link |<pre> [[Main Page]] [[Help:Contents]] [[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)]] </pre> | [[Main Page]] [[Help:Contents]] [[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)]] |- | Piped link |<pre> [[Help:Editing pages|editing help]] [[Help:Editing pages#Preview|previewing]]</pre> | [[Help:Editing pages|editing help]] [[Help:Editing pages#Preview|previewing]] |- |[[w:Help:Pipe_trick|Pipe trick]] |<pre> [[Manual:Extensions|]] [[User:John Doe|]] [[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)|]] [[Extension:DynamicPageList (third-party)|]] </pre> The pipe trick involves less typing for editors, but is potentially confusing to readers, as seen in these DynamicPageList examples. | [[Manual:Extensions|Extensions]] [[User:John Doe|John Doe]] [[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)|DynamicPageList]] [[Extension:DynamicPageList (third-party)|DynamicPageList]] |- | Word-ending links |<pre> [[Help]]s [[Help]]ing [[Help]]ers [[Help]]almostanylettersyoulikehere [[Help]]BUTnotalways </pre> Follows so-called "linktrail rules" {{ll|Localisation|localised}} per {{ll|MessagesXx.php|each language}}. | [[Help]]s [[Help]]ing [[Help]]ers [[Help]]almostanylettersyoulikehere [[Help]]BUTnotalways |- | Avoiding word-ending links |<pre> [[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice [[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3 </pre> | [[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice [[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3 |- | Redirect |<pre>#REDIRECT [[Main Page]]</pre> Should be the first ''and only'' line on the page. | [[File:Redirect arrow without text (cropped).svg]] [[Main Page]] |- | Link to an anchor on the same page |<pre>[[#See also]]</pre> Anchors are provided automatically on section headings and to the top of the page. |[[#See also]] |- | Piped link to an anchor on the same page |<pre>[[#See also|different text]]</pre> |[[#See also|different text]] |- | Setting an anchor for incoming links |<pre> <div id="Unique anchor name 1">optional text</div> optional text </pre> Rendered [[w:HTML element#Document body elements|block-level and inline]], respectively. Doing this would allow for <code><nowiki>[[#Unique anchor name 1]]</nowiki></code> on the same page or <code><nowiki>[[</nowiki>{{FULLPAGENAME}}#Unique anchor name 1]]</code> on a different page. Omit the "optional text" for an invisible anchor. | <div id="Unique anchor name 1">optional text</div> optional text |- | Setting an anchor in a section heading |<pre>==Section heading==</pre> Note the placement. This must be a "span" tag, not a "div". (Such anchors allow sections to be retitled without breaking incoming links.) |<div style="color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Section heading</div> |- | Link to an anchor at another page |<pre>[[Help:Images#Supported media types for images]]</pre> |[[Help:Images#Supported media types for images]] |- | Link to the current page's talk page |<pre>[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]</pre> |[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]] |- | Link to a subpage |<pre>[[/example]]</pre> Shortcut for <code><nowiki>[[Help:Links/example|/example]]</nowiki></code>. |[[Help:Links/example|/example]] |- | Link to a subpage without the leading slash |<pre>[[/example/]]</pre> Shortcut for <code><nowiki>[[Help:Links/example|example]]</nowiki></code>. |[[Help:Links/example|example]] |- | Visible link to a category page |<pre>[[:Category:Help]]</pre> Without the leading colon the link would not be visible and the page would instead be placed into the category; this is a very common mistake. |[[:Category:Help]] |- | Visible link to an image or media file |<pre> [[:File:example.jpg]] [[:File:example.jpg|this example]] [[media:example.jpg]] </pre> Without the leading colon on the "File:" examples, the images would actually be displayed. See also [[Help:Images]]. Note that using the "media:" prefix links directly to the uploaded file. | [[:File:example.jpg]] [[:File:example.jpg|this example]] [[media:example.jpg]] |- | Link to a page specific to each reader (user page, etc.) |<pre> [[Special:MyPage]] [[Special:MyTalk]] [[Special:Preferences]] </pre> | [[Special:MyPage]] [[Special:MyTalk]] [[Special:Preferences]] |- |Internal link to a specific revision |<pre>[[Special:PermanentLink/2393992]]</pre> Revision numbers can be found in each page's {{ll|Help:History|edit history}}. (It is very common to see links to specific revisions implemented as external links because it's easy to cut-and-paste an entire URL to form an external link.) |[[Special:PermanentLink/2393992]] |- |Internal link to a "diff" |<pre> [[Special:Diff/2393992]] [[Special:Diff/2390639/2393992]] </pre> The default (in the first example above) is to show the changes from the previous revision. See also the comments in the previous item. | [[Special:Diff/2393992]] [[Special:Diff/2390639/2393992]] |} == Text formatting markup == {| class="wikitable" ! Description ! width=40% | You type ! width=40% | You get |- ! colspan="3" style="background: #ABE" | Character (inline) formatting – ''applies anywhere'' |- | Italic text | <pre> '' italic'' </pre> | '' italic'' |- | Bold text | <pre> ''' bold''' </pre> | ''' bold''' |- | Bold and italic | <pre> ''''' bold & italic''''' </pre> | ''''' bold & italic''''' |- | Escape wiki markup | <pre> <nowiki> no ''markup''</nowiki> </pre> | <nowiki>no ''markup''</nowiki> |- ! colspan="3" style="background: #ABE" | Section formatting – ''only at the beginning of the line'' |- | Section Headings of different levels | <pre> == Level 2 == === Level 3 === ==== Level 4 ==== ===== Level 5 ===== ====== Level 6 ====== </pre> ---- |  <h2>Level 2</h2> <h3>Level 3</h3> <h4>Level 4</h4> <h5>Level 5</h5> <h6>Level 6</h6> |- | Horizontal rule | <pre> Text before ---- Text after </pre> | Text before ---- Text after |- | Bullet list | <pre> * Start each line * with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*). ** More asterisks give deeper *** and deeper levels. * Line breaks don't break levels. *** But jumping levels creates empty space. Any other start ends the list. * combine bullet list ** with definition ::- definition ** creates empty space * combine bullet list ** with definition *:- definition ** without empty spaces *bullet list :- definition :* sublist that doesn't create empty :* spaces after definition </pre> | * Start each line * with an [[Wikipedia:asterisk|asterisk]] (*). ** More asterisks give deeper *** and deeper levels. * Line breaks don't break levels. *** But jumping levels creates empty space. Any other start ends the list. * combine bullet list ** with definition ::- definition ** creates empty space * combine bullet list ** with definition *:- definition ** without empty spaces *bullet list :- definition :* sublist that doesn't create empty :* spaces after definition |- | Numbered list | <pre> # Start each line # with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#). ## More number signs give deeper ### and deeper ### levels. # Line breaks don't break levels. ### But jumping levels creates empty space. # Blank lines # end the list and start another. Any other start also ends the list. </pre> | # Start each line # with a [[Wikipedia:Number_sign|number sign]] (#). ## More number signs give deeper ### and deeper ### levels. # Line breaks don't break levels. ### But jumping levels creates empty space. # Blank lines # end the list and start another. Any other start also ends the list. |- | Definition list | <pre> ;item 1 : definition 1 ;item 2 : definition 2-1 : definition 2-2 </pre> | ;item 1 : definition 1 ;item 2 : definition 2-1 : definition 2-2 |- | Indent text | <pre> : Single indent :: Double indent ::::: Multiple indent </pre> ---- {{Note| This workaround may harm accessibility.}} | : Single indent :: Double indent ::::: Multiple indent |- | Mixture of different types of list | <pre> # one # two #* two point one #* two point two # three #; three item one #: three def one # four #: four def one #: this looks like a continuation #: and is often used #: instead of <nowiki> </nowiki> # five ## five sub 1 ### five sub 1 sub 1 ## five sub 2 </pre> ---- {{note| The usage of <code>#:</code> and <code>*:</code> for breaking a line within an item may also harm accessibility.}} | # one # two #* two point one #* two point two # three #; three item one #: three def one # four #: four def one #: this looks like a continuation #: and is often used #: instead of <nowiki> </nowiki> # five ## five sub 1 ### five sub 1 sub 1 ## five sub 2{{anchor|pre}} |- | Preformatted text | <pre> Start each line with a space. Text is '''preformatted''' and ''markups'' '''''can''''' be done. </pre> ---- {{note| This way of preformatting only applies to section formatting. Character formatting markups are still effective.}} | Start each line with a space. Text is '''preformatted''' and ''markups'' '''''can''''' be done. |- | Preformatted text blocks | <pre> <nowiki><nowiki>Start with a space in the first column, (before the <nowiki>). Then your block format will be maintained. This is good for copying in code blocks: def function(): """documentation string""" if True: print True else: print False</nowiki></nowiki> </pre> | <nowiki>Start with a space in the first column, (before the <nowiki>). Then your block format will be maintained. This is good for copying in code blocks: def function(): """documentation string""" if True: print True else: print False</nowiki> |} == Paragraphs == MediaWiki ignores single line breaks. To start a new paragraph, leave an empty line. You can force a line break within a paragraph with the HTML tag <code> </code>. == HTML tags == Some [[wikipedia:HTML|HTML]] tags are allowed in MediaWiki, for example <code><code></code>, <code><div></code>, <code><nowiki></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki></nowiki></code>. These apply anywhere you insert them. {| class="wikitable" ! Description ! width=40% | You type ! width=40% | You get |- | Inserted (Displays as underline in most browsers) | <pre> <ins> Inserted</ins> or Underline </pre> | <ins> Inserted</ins> or Underline |- | Deleted (Displays as strikethrough in most browsers) | <pre> <s> Struck out</s> or <del> Deleted</del> </pre> | <s> Struck out</s> or <del> Deleted</del> |- | Fixed width text | <pre> <code> Source code</code> or <code> Fixed width text</code> </pre> | <code> Source code</code> or <code> Fixed width text</code> |- | Blockquotes | <pre> Text before <blockquote> Blockquote</blockquote> Text after </pre> | Text before <blockquote> Blockquote</blockquote> Text after |- | Comment | <pre>  Comments are visible only in the edit zone. </pre> |  Comments are visible only in the edit zone. |- | Completely preformatted text | <pre> <pre> Text is '''preformatted''' and ''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done</pre> </pre> ---- {{note| For marking up of preformatted text, check the "Preformatted text" entry at the end of the previous table.}} | <pre> Text is '''preformatted''' and ''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done </pre> |- | '''Customized''' preformatted text | <pre> <pre style="color: red"> Text is '''preformatted''' with a style and ''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done </pre> </pre> ---- {{note| A CSS style can be named within the <code>style</code> attribute.}} | <pre style="color: red"> Text is '''preformatted''' with a style and ''markups'' '''''cannot''''' be done </pre> |} continued: {| class="wikitable" | style="table-layout: fixed; width: 100%" ! Description ! width=40% | You type ! width=40% | You get |- | '''Default''' preformatted text has a CSS attribute (<code>white-space: pre-wrap;</code>) to wrap the text according to available width | <pre> <pre> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. </pre> </pre> | <pre> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. </pre> |- | '''Customized''' preformatted text with '''disabled''' text wrapping | <pre> <pre style="white-space: pre;"> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. </pre> </pre> | <pre style="white-space: pre;"> This long sentence is used to demonstrate text wrapping. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. This additional sentence makes the text even longer. </pre> |} == Inserting symbols == Symbols and other special [[characters]] not available on your keyboard can be inserted in a multitude of ways. Many [http://www.howtogeek.com/210824/how-to-quickly-type-special-characters-on-any-computer-smartphone-or-tablet/ Operating Systems and browsers] allow you to insert special [[characters]] through a menu option or Operating System panel. Additionally, you can use the WikiEditor or [[VisualEditor/Special characters|VisualEditor]] to insert them into the edit screen. As a last resort, you can use a special sequence of [[characters]]. Those sequences are called HTML entities. For example, the following sequence (entity) '''&rarr;''' when inserted will be shown as <ins>right arrow</ins> HTML symbol → and '''&mdash;''' when inserted will be shown as an <ins>em dash</ins> HTML symbol —. ---- {{note| Hover over any character to find out the symbol that it produces. Some symbols not available in the current font will appear as empty squares.}} {| class="wikitable" align=center width=100% ! colspan=32 | HTML symbol entities |- align=center | '''Á | '''á | '''Â | '''â | '''´ | '''Æ | '''æ | '''À | '''à | '''&alefsym; | '''Α | '''α | '''& | '''&and; | '''&ang; | '''Å | '''å | '''≈ | '''Ã | '''ã | '''Ä | '''ä | '''&bdquo; | '''Β | '''β | '''¦ | '''• | '''∩ | '''Ç | '''ç | '''¸ | '''¢ |- align=center | '''Χ | '''χ | '''&circ; | '''&clubs; | '''&cong; | '''© | '''&crarr; | '''∪ | '''¤ | '''&dagger; | '''&Dagger; | '''↓ | '''&dArr; | '''° | '''Δ | '''δ | '''&diams; | '''÷ | '''É | '''é | '''Ê | '''ê | '''È | '''è | '''∅ | '''&emsp; | '''&ensp; | '''Ε | '''ε | '''&equiv; | '''Η | '''η |- align=center | '''Ð | '''ð | '''Ë | '''ë | '''€ | '''∃ | '''&fnof; | '''∀ | '''½ | '''¼ | '''¾ | '''&frasl; | '''Γ | '''γ | '''≥ | '''> | '''↔ | '''⇔ | '''&hearts; | '''… | '''Í | '''í | '''Î | '''î | '''¡ | '''Ì | '''ì | '''&image; | '''∞ | '''∫ | '''Ι | '''ι |- align=center | '''¿ | '''∈ | '''Ï | '''ï | '''Κ | '''κ | '''Λ | '''λ | '''&lang; | '''« | '''← | '''⇐ | '''&lceil; | '''“ | '''≤ | '''&lfloor; | '''&lowast; | '''&loz; | '''&lrm; | '''&lsaquo; | '''‘ | '''< | '''¯ | '''— | '''µ | '''· | '''− | '''Μ | '''μ | '''∇ | '''  | '''– |- align=center | '''≠ | '''&ni; | '''¬ | '''∉ | '''&nsub; | '''Ñ | '''ñ | '''Ν | '''ν | '''Ó | '''ó | '''Ô | '''ô | '''&OElig; | '''&oelig; | '''Ò | '''ò | '''&oline; | '''Ω | '''ω | '''Ο | '''ο | '''&oplus; | '''&or; | '''ª | '''º | '''Ø | '''ø | '''Õ | '''õ | '''&otimes; | '''Ö |- align=center | '''ö | '''¶ | '''∂ | '''&permil; | '''&perp; | '''Φ | '''φ | '''Π | '''π | '''ϖ | '''± | '''£ | '''′ | '''″ | '''∏ | '''&prop; | '''Ψ | '''ψ | '''" | '''√ | '''&rang; | '''» | '''→ | '''⇒ | '''&rceil; | '''” | '''&real; | '''® | '''&rfloor; | '''Ρ | '''ρ | '''&rlm; |- align=center | '''&rsaquo; | '''’ | '''&sbquo; | '''&Scaron; | '''&scaron; | '''⋅ | '''§ | ''' | '''Σ | '''σ | '''&sigmaf; | '''&sim; | '''&spades; | '''⊂ | '''&sube; | '''∑ | '''⊃ | '''¹ | '''² | '''³ | '''&supe; | '''ß | '''Τ | '''τ | '''&there4; | '''Θ | '''θ | '''&thetasym; | '''  | '''Þ | '''þ | '''&tilde; |- align=center | '''× | '''™ | '''Ú | '''ú | '''↑ | '''&uArr; | '''Û | '''û | '''Ù | '''ù | '''¨ | '''&upsih; | '''Υ | '''υ | '''Ü | '''ü | '''&weierp; | '''Ξ | '''ξ | '''Ý | '''ý | '''¥ | '''ÿ | '''&Yuml; | '''Ζ | '''ζ | '''&zwj; | '''&zwnj;''' |} {| class="wikitable" ! Description ! width=40% | You type ! width=40% | You get |- | Copyright symbol |class=mw-code| &copy; | :::'''©''' |- | Greek delta letter symbol |class=mw-code|&delta; | :::'''δ''' |- | Euro currency symbol |class=mw-code|&euro; | :::'''€''' |} See the list of all HTML entities on the Wikipedia article [[wikipedia:List of HTML entities|List of HTML entities]]. Additionally, MediaWiki supports two non-standard entity reference sequences: <code>&רלמ;</code> and <code>&رلم;</code> which are both considered equivalent to <code>&rlm;</code> which is a [[wikipedia:Right-to-left mark|right-to-left mark]]. (Used when combining right to left languages with left to right languages in the same page.) == HTML tags and symbol entities displayed themselves (with and without interpreting them) == :<code>&amp;euro;</code>  → '''&euro;''' :<code> Typo to be corrected</code>  → ''' Typo to be corrected''' :<code> <nowiki>&lt;span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through;">Typo to be corrected</nowiki></code>  → ''' Typo to be corrected''' === Nowiki for HTML === <<nowiki />nowiki /> can prohibit (HTML) tags: * <nowiki><<</nowiki>nowiki />pre>  → <<nowiki/>pre> But ''not'' & symbol escapes: * &<<nowiki />nowiki />amp;  → & To print & symbol escapes as text, use "<code>&amp;</code>" to replace the "&" character (eg. type "<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>", which results in "<code>&nbsp;</code>").

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